According to the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, the Law "On Education" of August 11, 2023 № 179 and the Law "On the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens" of December 14, 1993 № 1296-XII and the Law on Refugees of March 25, 2002 № 44, the state guarantees equal rights to access to education for all citizens, including foreign citizens, refugees and asylum seekers. This implies that educational institutions must provide equal access to education without discrimination.  

The activities of general education institutions are regulated by the Model Regulation on General Education Organizations approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Kyrgyz Republic dated August 27, 2024 № 519, which is developed in accordance with the Law of the Kyrgyz Republic "On Education" and other regulatory legal acts in the field of education. The Regulation is standard for general education organizations of state/municipal ownership and exemplary for general education organizations of private ownership. Regulations on the corresponding types of general education organizations are developed on the basis of this Regulation. 

It should be emphasized that the Model Regulation establishes the general procedure for the admission and transfer of students to general education organizations. However, it does not contain any special rules regulating the specifics of the admission and transfer of such a category of persons as children of asylum seekers and refugees, taking into account their individual circumstances and status. 

Chapter 4 of the Model Regulation establishes that admission to general education organizations is carried out on the basis of equal rights and opportunities, without any restrictions on the basis of gender, nationality, language, social and property status, health status, religion and religious beliefs. 

Education in general education organizations is available to all children and adolescents subject to compulsory education. Children living in the territory assigned to a given organization are admitted to state and municipal general education organizations on a priority basis. 

The procedure for admitting children is determined by the authorized body in the field of education. Parents (legal representatives) provide documents required for the enrollment of the child, as established by the relevant regulations. 

In the event of a student being transferred from one general education organization to another, the receiving organization is required to provide a certificate of enrollment of the student. This certificate may be issued in paper or electronic form. 

After receiving the certificate of enrollment, the organization from which the transfer is being made transfers the original personal file of the student against signature of the parent (legal representative). A copy of the personal file remains in the archive of the original organization, where it is stored for at least 75 years. 

At the request of the parents (legal representatives), the general education organization may issue a report card of the student's academic performance at the time of transfer. The report card is certified by the seal and signatures of the director and deputy director for academic work. 

According to the Regulation on the procedure for admission of children and adolescents of school age to municipal general educational organizations (hereinafter referred to as MGO) of Bishkek (edubish.kg), posted on the official website of the Education Department of the Bishkek City Mayor's Office, the list of documents is established as follows: 

Admission of students to grades 2-9, 11 of MGO is carried out in accordance with the licensing conditions for the implementation of educational activities, sanitary norms and rules, as well as the Charter of the MGO and is carried out if there are vacant places. Admission to grades 2-9, 11 is carried out upon presentation of the following documents: 

- applications from parents (legal representatives) addressed to the head of the MGO; 

- personal file of the student; 

- results of midterm assessment, certified by the seal of the educational 

institution from which the student arrived (in case of admission to the MGO during the academic year); 

- medical record of the established form (F-26, F-63); 

- copies of the child's birth certificate or copies of the child's passport; 

- copies of the passport of one of the parents (legal representatives); 

- a document establishing the child's place of residence (if the actual 

place of residence of the child and the place of registration indicated in the passport of one of the parents (legal representatives) do not match); 

- health certificates at the time of admission to school. 

Admission of students to the 10th grade of the MGO is carried out upon the application of parents, as new applicants to the school, as well as the Charter of the MGO. Students with a certificate of basic (general) education are admitted to the 10th grade of the MGO. The following documents are required for enrollment in the 10th grade: 

- an application from parents (legal representatives) addressed to the head of the MGO; 

- a certificate of basic general education; 

- a medical record of the established form (F-26, F-63); 

- copies of the child's birth certificate or a copy of the child's passport; - copies of the passport of one of the parents (legal representatives); 

- a document establishing the place of residence child (if the actual place of residence of the child and the place of registration indicated in the passport of one of the parents (legal representatives) do not match). Controversial issues regarding the admission of citizens to the MGO are regulated by the Founder. The Founder has the right to create a commission to consider controversial (conflict) issues arising during admission to the MGO. The commission is created by the order of the Education Department of the Bishkek City Mayor's Office, i.e. the legal framework establishes only general requirements for admission to educational institutions, ensuring uniformity of standards. However, specific conditions for the admission of children, including the procedure for reviewing documents, are developed and approved by education authorities and municipal general education institutions. In cases where the necessary documents are missing, including personal files, or if questions arise regarding the recognition of personal files issued by foreign educational organizations, these issues are subject to consideration by specially created commissions on an individual basis. Thus, the lack of a clear procedure for the admission of children of asylum seekers and refugees, despite the guarantees of the right to education, creates a certain risk. Restrictions related to the need to provide documents, including personal files, as well as an unregulated procedure for their recognition, may hinder the timely implementation of this right, which jeopardizes equal access to education for this vulnerable category of children. 

Admission of citizens to educational institutions of the Kyrgyz Republic, as well as the recognition of foreign educational documents, is regulated by regulatory legal acts reflecting the procedure and requirements for applicants at different levels of education. 

Admission to educational institutions of primary vocational education is regulated by the Model Charter of the educational organization of primary vocational education approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Kyrgyz Republic dated May 8, 2024 № 220, according to which, persons with basic general or secondary general education are admitted to educational organizations of primary vocational education. For persons who do not have a basic general education, conditions for obtaining a profession can be created. Enrollment is carried out by order of the director on the basis of the applicant's application and the provided educational documents. Responsibility for the recruitment of students also rests with the director of the educational organization. According to the Procedure for Admission of Students to Educational Institutions of Secondary Vocational Education, approved by the Resolution of the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic dated July 4, 2012 № 470, foreign citizens and stateless persons permanently or temporarily residing in the country can be enrolled if they have basic general, secondary general or primary vocational education. Citizens who studied abroad are required to provide an education document recognized as equivalent to a state document of the Kyrgyz Republic, which is confirmed by the authorized state body in the field of education. In accordance with the Procedure for Admission to Educational Organizations of Higher Professional Education of the Kyrgyz Republic approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Kyrgyz Republic dated June 30, 2022 № 355, foreign citizens can submit documents through the automated information system (AIS) throughout the year. The equivalence of educational documents issued by foreign educational institutions is determined by the authorized body. Without providing a certificate of compliance with the level of educational content issued by this body, enrollment is impossible. Confirmation of the authenticity of documents issued by official bodies of the applicant's country of origin is also required. 

Moreover, when employing foreign citizens, including stateless persons, the state regulates the process of recognition (nostrification) of educational documents issued abroad, which is governed by a number of provisions, including: 

1. The Regulation on the nostrification of diplomas in the Kyrgyz Republic, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic dated January 12, 2012 № 16. It states that academic degrees of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) issued abroad can be recognized as equivalent to the degree of Candidate of Sciences after examination and nostrification. 

2. The Regulation on the nostrification of diplomas of the highest academic degree of Habilitated Doctor (Dr. Habil), approved by the Decree of the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic dated December 14, 2016 № 671. According to this document, the degree of Dr. Habil can be recognized as equivalent to a PhD degree after passing a dissertation examination and diploma nostrification. 

Document examination is carried out by authorized bodies, such as the Higher Attestation Commission (HAC) of the Kyrgyz Republic. Recognition is carried out within the framework of international treaties to which the country is a party. 

The national legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic generally creates favorable conditions for the recognition of foreign school diplomas, certificates and degrees. The presence of clearly defined nostrification procedures and relevant international agreements indicates that the country is striving to integrate its educational system with international standards. However, some aspects, such as the need to confirm the authenticity of documents in their country of origin, may complicate the process for foreign applicants.