Last Change:

06/05/2025

Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Year: 1992

Type: Domestic law

Rights Category: Asylum, Education, Freedom of movement, Health, Housing, land & property, Liberty & security of person, Nationality & facilitated naturalization, Social protection, Work & Workplace rights, Family life, Documentation

Description

The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, adopted in 1992, and subsequently amended, establishes the legal framework of the nation.

Selected provisions
Article 51 - Higher Education Rights

Citizens have the right to receive higher education in state educational institutions on a competitive basis funded by the state.

Higher educational institutions have the right to academic freedom, self-governance, freedom of research, and teaching in accordance with the law.

Article 50 - Right to Education and State Guarantees

Everyone has the right to education.

The state ensures the development of a continuous education system, including various types and forms of education, as well as state and non-state educational institutions.

The state creates conditions for the development of preschool education and upbringing.

The state guarantees free general secondary and primary vocational education, with general secondary education being mandatory.
Preschool education, upbringing, and general secondary education are under state supervision.

Inclusive education and upbringing are provided in educational institutions for children with special educational needs.

Article 53 - Freedom of Creativity and Intellectual Property Protection

Everyone is guaranteed freedom of scientific, technical, and artistic creativity, as well as the right to benefit from cultural achievements. Intellectual property is protected by law.

The state ensures the cultural, scientific, and technical development of society.

Article 57 - State Protection of Socially Vulnerable Groups

The rights of incapacitated and lonely elderly persons, persons with disabilities, and other socially vulnerable categories of the population are under state protection.

The state takes measures aimed at improving the quality of life of socially vulnerable groups, creating conditions for their full participation in social and public life, and expanding their opportunities to independently meet their basic needs.

The state ensures full access for persons with disabilities to social, economic, and cultural facilities and services, promotes their employment and education, and guarantees them unrestricted access to the necessary information.

Article 99 - Law enters legal force

A law acquires legal force when it is adopted by the Legislative Chamber, approved by the Senate, signed by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and published in official sources in accordance with the procedure established by law.

A law adopted by the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan must be sent to the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan no later than ten days from the date of its adoption.

The Senate of the Oliy Majlis reviews the law within sixty days, and if approved, it is sent to the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan for signing and promulgation within ten days.

If the Senate of the Oliy Majlis does not make a decision on approval or rejection of the law within sixty days, the law is forwarded by the Legislative Chamber to the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan for signing and promulgation.

The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan must sign and promulgate the law within sixty days.
If the Senate of the Oliy Majlis rejects the law, it is returned to the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis.

If, upon reconsideration, the Legislative Chamber approves the rejected law again by a two-thirds majority of the total number of deputies, the law is considered adopted by the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan and is sent to the President for signing and promulgation.

For a law rejected by the Senate, the Legislative Chamber and the Senate may form a reconciliation commission composed of deputies of the Legislative Chamber and members of the Senate on an equal basis to resolve disagreements. If the chambers accept the proposals of the reconciliation commission, the law is reviewed under the regular procedure.

The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan has the right to return the law to the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan with his objections.

If the law is re-approved in its previously adopted version by at least two-thirds of the total number of Legislative Chamber deputies and Senate members, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan must sign and promulgate it within fourteen days.

The publication of laws and other normative legal acts is a mandatory condition for their enforcement.

Article 109 - Powers of the President

The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan:
1) Acts as the guarantor of the rights and freedoms of citizens, the Constitution and laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the sovereignty, security, and territorial integrity of the Republic of Uzbekistan; takes necessary measures to implement decisions on issues of national-state organization.
7) Establishes and abolishes ministries and other republican executive authorities, subsequently submitting decrees on these matters for approval by the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
10) Appoints and dismisses the heads of committees, agencies, and other republican state bodies in accordance with the law.
15) Appoints and dismisses the khokims (governors) of the regions and the city of Tashkent. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan has the right to dismiss the khokims of districts and cities by his decision in case of violation of the Constitution, laws, or actions discrediting the honor and dignity of a khokim.
16) Suspends or annuls acts of republican executive authorities and khokims; has the right to preside over meetings of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
17) Signs and promulgates the laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan; has the right to return a law with objections to the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan for further discussion and voting.

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