Date of publication:
01/08/2026
Tajikistan
Do domestic laws and policies provide access to primary health care services for forcibly displaced and stateless persons?
Assessment by population
Analysis
The basic principle on this matter is outlined in Article No.38 of the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, according to which everyone has the right to health protection. Everyone, within the limits defined by law, is entitled to free medical assistance in state healthcare institutions. This principle is also enshrined in Article No.9 of the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan on the Status of Foreign Citizens and Stateless Persons, which states that foreign citizens and stateless persons in the Republic of Tajikistan have the right to health protection.
Furthermore, according to Articles No.10 and No.12 of the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan on Refugees, individuals seeking asylum and refugees, as well as their family members, have the right to emergency and general medical assistance in state healthcare institutions.
Related provisions of domestic law or policy
Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan
- Year: 1994
- Type: Domestic law
- Rights Category: Asylum, Education, Freedom of movement, Health, Housing, land & property, Liberty & security of person, Nationality & facilitated naturalization, Social protection, Work & Workplace rights, Family life, Documentation
- Link to external source: https://www.refworld.org/node/32040
Legal provision
Article 38 - Right to health protection
Everyone has the right to health protection. Everyone, within the limits defined by law, has access to free medical care in state healthcare institutions. The state takes measures to improve the environment, develop mass sports, physical culture, and tourism. Other forms of medical assistance are determined by law.
Law of the Republic of Tajikistan on the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens and Stateless Persons
- Year: 2018
- Type: Domestic law
- Rights Category: Asylum, Education, Freedom of movement, Health, Housing, land & property, Liberty & security of person, Nationality & facilitated naturalization, Social protection, Work & Workplace rights, Family life, Documentation
- Link to external source: https://www.refworld.org/legal/legislation/natlegbod/2018/ru/150041?prevDestination=search&prevPath=/search?keywords=Law+on+Education&order=desc&sm_country_name%5B%5D=Tajikistan&sort=score&page=2&result=result-150041-en
Legal provision
Article 9 - Right to Health Protection
Foreign citizens and stateless persons in the Republic of Tajikistan have the right to health protection. The procedure for providing medical assistance to foreign citizens and stateless persons who have arrived in the Republic of Tajikistan for temporary residence is determined by the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan. Foreign citizens and stateless persons shall insure their life and health in accordance with the procedure and conditions established by the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan.
Law of the Republic of Tajikistan on Refugees
- Year: 2002
- Type: Domestic law
- Rights Category: Asylum, Freedom of movement
- Link to external source: https://www.refworld.org/node/57522
Legal provision
Article 10 - Rights and Duties of Asylum Seekers and Their Family Members
1. An asylum seeker and their family members have the following rights: Receive information about the procedure for being recognized as refugees, as well as their rights and duties in accordance with this Law; Reside during the consideration of their application in temporary settlement locations as directed by the migration authorities, or settle independently in the family of a citizen of the Republic of Tajikistan or a foreign citizen or stateless person permanently residing in the Republic of Tajikistan; Receive emergency medical assistance in state healthcare institutions; Receive primary and secondary education; Receive social assistance in the manner prescribed by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan; The right to work or engage in entrepreneurial activities in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan; Submit an application to cease consideration of their asylum request. 2. Asylum seekers and their family members are obliged to: Arrive at the designated temporary settlement location within 72 hours of receiving the directive for temporary settlement, and within three working days of arrival, register at the local internal affairs authority, providing personal documents; Inform the internal affairs authorities about any change of residence within the Republic of Tajikistan and their intent to leave the country within three working days; Immediately undergo mandatory medical examination as determined by the health and social protection authorities; Provide the migration authorities with truthful information necessary for making a decision on the substance of the application; Notify the migration authorities of any changes in personal data and place of residence.
Article 12 - Rights and Duties of an Individual Recognized as a Refugee
1. An individual recognized as a refugee and their accompanying family members have the right to: Receive information about their rights and duties, as well as other information in accordance with this Law; Reside in the Republic of Tajikistan for the duration of their refugee status, in the locations determined by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan; Exclusion; Settle independently with a citizen of the Republic of Tajikistan or a foreign citizen or stateless person permanently residing in the Republic of Tajikistan, in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Tajikistan; Exclusion; Participate in integration programs developed by the State Migration Authority; Receive medical care, employment, or engage in business activities, in accordance with the regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Tajikistan, unless otherwise specified; Receive primary and secondary education; Receive assistance from the State Migration Authority in obtaining information about relatives residing in the country of the refugee's citizenship or previous place of residence; Apply to the internal affairs authorities at their place of residence for assistance in obtaining travel documents for themselves and their family members, in coordination with the national security authorities of the Republic of Tajikistan; Obtain a residence permit and other relevant documents at the internal affairs authorities at their place of residence in the prescribed manner; Submit an application for permanent residence in the Republic of Tajikistan based on grounds unrelated to their refugee status or for acquiring citizenship of the Republic of Tajikistan in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan; Voluntarily return to their country of citizenship (previous place of residence); Leave for another country for residence; Receive financial and other assistance as determined by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan; Enjoy other rights provided by the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan for foreign citizens and stateless persons permanently residing in the Republic of Tajikistan. 2. An individual recognized as a refugee and their accompanying family members are obliged to: Comply with the requirements of the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, this Law, and other regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Tajikistan; Register with the internal affairs authorities at their place of residence no later than three working days after receiving their refugee certificate, if settling independently; After receiving a temporary settlement directive from the State Migration Authority, leave for the designated settlement location within three working days, and register at the local internal affairs authority within three working days of arrival; Provide the State Migration Authority with information about changes in their surname, first name, family composition, marital status, acquisition of Tajik citizenship or citizenship of another state, or obtaining permanent residence status in the Republic of Tajikistan no later than one working week after the change; Notify the State Migration Authority of any intent to change their place of residence within the Republic of Tajikistan or leave the country; Upon changing their residence, deregister from the internal affairs authority and register at the new place of residence within three working days; Undergo annual re-registration within the time frames established by the State Migration Authority; Fulfill other duties provided by the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan for foreign citizens and stateless persons permanently residing in the Republic of Tajikistan.