Date of publication:
01/07/2026
Ethiopia
Do domestic laws and policies provide for protection from refoulement?
Assessment by population
Analysis
According to article 11(1) of the Refugee Proclamation, no person shall be refused entry or expelled or returned to any other country where he maybe subjects to persecution on account of his race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion. Also, if his life, physical integrity, or liberty would be threatened on account of external aggression, occupation, foreign domination, or events seriously disturbing public order in part or whole of the country. However, as per article 11(2) of the Refugee Proclamation, a refugee may not benefit from protection of this provision if there are ‘serious reasons for regarding as a danger to the national security, or who having been convicted by a final judgment of a particularly serious crime, constitutes a danger to the community’. In relation to this provision, the new Proclamation provides an additional procedural safeguard in which the Head of Refugees and Returnees Service (RRS) shall determine if whether serious reasons exist to consider a refugee as a danger to national security pursuant to the Proclamation and other laws. The standard of proof ‘serious reasons’ is a higher threshold than that provided in the 1951 Refugee Convention of ‘reasonable grounds,’ suggesting a more progressive interpretation of the exception to the non-refoulement principle in the Proclamation.
Related provisions of domestic law or policy
Refugees Proclamation No.1110/2019
- Year: 2019
- Type: Domestic law
- Rights Category: Asylum, Freedom of movement, Liberty & security of person, Nationality & facilitated naturalization, Social protection, Family life, Documentation
- Link to external source: https://www.refworld.org/legal/decreees/natlegbod/2019/en/30352
Legal provision
Article 11- Non refoulement
1/ No person shall be refused entry into Ethiopia or expelled or returned from Ethiopia to any other country or be subject to any similar measure if as a result of such refusal, expulsion or return or any other measure, such person is compelled to return to or remain in a country where: a) he may be subject to persecution on account of his race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion: or b) b) his life, physical integrity or liberty would be threatened on account of external aggression, occupation, foreign domination or events seriously disturbing public order in part or whole of the country. 2/ The benefit of sub-article (1) of this Article may not, however, be claimed by a person whom there are serious reasons for regarding as a danger to the national security, or who having been convicted by a final judgment of a particularly serious crime, constitutes a danger to the community. 3/ the Agency shall, in line with this Proclamation and other laws, ensure whether serious grounds exist for regarding a person as a danger to national security.