Tajikistan's laws and policies establish a framework for education, ensuring the right to education and striving to enhance its quality through initiatives such as the National Development Strategy. According to Article No. 26 of the Education Law of the Republic of Tajikistan, government bodies are tasked with monitoring the quality of education. Besides the Ministry of Education, which directly handles quality control, an Oversight Agency for Education and Science has been created under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan. Additionally, in 2024, the National Concept for the Assessment of Education Quality in Tajikistan, covering the period until 2044, was adopted to strengthen efforts in this area.

Despite these efforts, challenges persist, including limited resources, insufficient teacher training, outdated curricula, and poor infrastructure, particularly in rural regions. While literacy rates are high, the overall quality of education is uneven. Government initiatives, in partnership with international organizations, are working to address these challenges, but substantial progress is still required to ensure an adequate level of education nationwide.