Before the 2017 influx, the Government of Bangladesh issued official birth registration certificates to Rohingya children born from Rohingya parents (both father and mother). Two circulars of 2009 and 2015 instructed the birth registration of children born to refugee parents in Kutupalong and Nayapara refugee camps in Cox’s Bazar District. The circulars exclude children born to mixed Rohingya-Bangladeshi parents, as well as children born to Rohingya parents who reside outside the two registered camps. 

However, in the immediate aftermath of the August 2017 influx, the Government of Bangladesh suspended formal birth registration in the entire of Cox's Bazar District including for host community children. In the refugee camps, birth of Rohingya children is recorded by camp authorities and UNHCR informally.

In November 2019, the Supreme Court of Bangladesh (SC) issued a rule questioning non-resumption of birth registration in Cox's Bazar District. Following the SC ruling, in 2020, birth registration resumed for the Bangladeshi/host community children. However, the Government of Bangladesh has not lifted the suspension on formal birth registration of the Rohingya children. 

In June 2022, the Ministry of Law, Justice, and Parliamentary Affairs issued, specifically for the purposes of repatriation, a notification (Law and Justice Division Notice No. 439) announcing the procedure for issuing birth certificates in favour of Rohingya refugee children born in Bangladesh to families cleared by Myanmar for repatriation. As per the notification, all children born to Rohingya parents (where both father and mother are Rohingya) irrespective of date of arrival in Bangladesh can be included in the birth registration process as per the 2004 Birth and Death Registration Act. Under the new arrangement, birth documents issued by the Camp-in-Charges of the Office of Refugee Relief and Repatriation Commission (RRRC) must henceforth be endorsed by a Senior Assistant Judge/Assistant Judge in Cox’s Bazar District Court. This notification was issued to certify birth of only those children whose families have been verified/cleared for repatriation to Myanmar. This court certification serves as proof of birth for Rohingya children born in Bangladesh. The Ministry’s notice also states that the Bangladesh Supreme Court has agreed to this arrangement, and that this notice is effective immediately.

UNHCR registers children born from mixed marriages between refugees and Bangladeshi nationals as "others of concern" in the proGres database. These children are often not able to obtain birth certificates/notifications issued by the Government of Bangladesh and have no guarantee of access to citizenship.