Population figures
Total country population
6,618,615
Forcibly displaced population
Refugees (under UNHCR's mandate):
94,545
Asylum-seekers:
4,166
IDPs (of concern to UNHCR):
0
Other people in need of international protection:
0
Other
Statelessness persons
161
Host community
0
Others of concern to UNHCR
0
Country context
Bulgaria, located in southeastern Europe, has become a significant host country for refugees and displaced persons due to its geographic position and socio-political dynamics. The country is primarily hosting refugees from Ukraine, Syria, and other conflict-affected regions, with the majority coming from Ukraine as a result of ongoing conflict. In addition, there are smaller numbers of asylum-seekers from other countries, including Afghanistan, Syria, and Turkey.
The refugee population in Bulgaria faces a range of challenges, including access to essential services such as health care, housing, and education. Overcrowding in reception centers and support for integration remains limited and uneven, though some initiatives are in place. Refugees from Ukraine are provided temporary protection, but their prospects for long-term integration remain uncertain. A significant number of asylum-seekers, including those from Syria and other parts of the Middle East, remain in a vulnerable position due to limited opportunities for employment, education, and legal protection.
...Internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Bulgaria are relatively few, with the majority of displacement occurring due to regional conflicts or natural disasters. Statelessness is also a concern, with some individuals facing difficulties in obtaining citizenship or legal recognition. Refugees and stateless individuals from these communities experience social, economic, and political marginalization, which limits their ability to integrate into Bulgarian society.
The country’s approach to managing refugees and asylum-seekers has been evolving, with efforts to improve the quality of asylum and statelessness procedures. However, challenges remain, particularly in ensuring access to asylum, addressing the lack of legal status for many refugees, and protecting them from exploitation.
Bulgaria's geographical location continues to make it an important point of entry for those seeking refuge in Europe. Despite some challenges, the country’s efforts to integrate refugees, reduce statelessness, and enhance protection mechanisms are ongoing.
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