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Violence, abuse and exploitation often targets population groups already particularly marginalized or exposed, such as sexual ethnic, linguistic or religious minorities. Refugees, or third country nationals belonging to these groups, may require additional protection.\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003EStates should comply with international standards of minority rights protection, equality and non-discrimination, and implement the Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities and other relevant regional and international standards in full. States must adopt the necessary national legislation prohibiting and punishing discrimination on the ground of nationality, ethnicity, religion and language. States should ensure that attention is paid to minority issues in the designing, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of development policies and programmes as a means to strengthen good governance and reduce inequalities. Legislation should be introduced prohibiting incitement to hatred and violence and ensuring appropriate penalties, in line with international standards, including in relation to freedom of expression and hate speech. States should take measures to monitor hate speech and incitement to violence, including in the media and social media, and respond appropriately, including by prosecuting perpetrators. States should take concrete steps to ensure good and inclusive governance and the participation of minorities at all levels of politics and in decision-making bodies as an essential means of ensuring that the issues and concerns of minorities, including the threat of violence, are recognized as early as possible and are appropriately addressed by government and public bodies. As an essential element to preventing violence against minorities, States should adopt holistic, inclusive and proactive security and policing strategies and incorporate positive practices into wider law enforcement and protection strategies. Consultation with minority communities and their participation in violence prevention measures are essential.\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cbr\u003ESome of the measures recommended to prevent violence against LGBTIQ+ persons are to ensure that LGBTIQ+ persons rights are upheld including to repeal or reform laws, policies and practices that criminalize consensual same-sex intimacy and diverse gender identity and expression. Legal reform must be undertaken efficiently and be guided by international human rights law. States should take stock of other laws, policies and practices that may have a negative impact on people based on the basis of their sexual orientation and gender identity, gender expression or sex characteristics, such as laws on vagrancy, public decency or morality; remove structural barriers to access to justice; adopt effective legislation and policy frameworks for the legal recognition of diverse gender identity on the basis of best practice with regard to self-identification and self-determination; adopt affirmative anti-discrimination measures, including laws, policies and other relevant actions, established through a human rights-based approach, in the health, education, employment and housing sectors and in relation to political participation; adopt effective measures to provide universal, free and affordable health care for LGBTIQ+ persons and to enable them to obtain gender-affirmative care and gain access to sexual and reproductive health care;\u0026nbsp; adopt affirmative protections and anti-discrimination legislation to end practices of\u0026nbsp; so called conversion therapy for LGBTIQ+ persons; undertake legal reform to provide for the full and public participation of LGBTIQ+ persons in all aspects of social life, including to ensure the recognition of the human rights of persons belonging to non-heteronormative family formations.\u003Cbr\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E","dialogOptions":{"dialogClass":"question-guidance-popup","width":"50%","modal":true,"title":"Specific guidance to the question","classes":{"ui-dialog":"question-guidance-popup"}}}]