Last Change:
04/08/2025
Somalia Citizenship Law
Year: 1962
Type: Domestic law
Rights Category: Nationality & facilitated naturalization, Family life
Description
The Somali Citizenship Law, enacted in 1962, primarily grants citizenship based on patrilineal descent, meaning only those with a Somali father automatically qualify. It does not explicitly recognize dual citizenship and lacks provisions for naturalization based on long-term residence. The law has been criticized for its exclusivity, particularly regarding women and non-ethnic Somalis, and remains largely unchanged despite Somalia’s evolving political landscape.
Selected provisions
Somali citizenship may be granted to any person who is of age and makes application therefor, provided that:
a) he has established his residence in the territory of the Somali Republic for a period of at least seven years;
b) he is of good civil and moral conduct;
c) he declares to be willing to renounce any status as citizen or subject of a foreign country.
The period referred to in sub-paragraph a) of the preceding article shall be reduced to two years, where the person concerned is the child of a Somali mother even if she is not a citizen."
Any person who, in accordance with articles 2 and 4 of this law, declares that he is willing to renounce any status as citizen or subject of a foreign country, shall make such declaration before the President of the District Court of the district where he resides or, if he resides abroad, before a Consulate of the Somali Republic.
Any person:
a) whose father is a Somali citizen;
b) who is a Somali residing in the territory of the Somali Republic or abroad and declares to be willing to renounce any status as citizen or subject of a foreign country shall be a Somali Citizen by operation of law.
Honorary Somali citizenship may be granted to any person who has rendered exceptional services to the Somali Republic. The granting of honorary citizenship shall be made by decree of the President of the Republic on the proposal of the Prime Minister, having heard the Council of Ministers.