Last Change:

04/08/2025

Somalia Citizenship Law

Year: 1962

Type: Domestic law

Rights Category: Nationality & facilitated naturalization, Family life

Description

The Somali Citizenship Law, enacted in 1962, primarily grants citizenship based on patrilineal descent, meaning only those with a Somali father automatically qualify. It does not explicitly recognize dual citizenship and lacks provisions for naturalization based on long-term residence. The law has been criticized for its exclusivity, particularly regarding women and non-ethnic Somalis, and remains largely unchanged despite Somalia’s evolving political landscape.

Selected provisions
Article 4 - Acquisition of Citizenship by Grant

Somali citizenship may be granted to any person who is of age and makes application therefor, provided that:
a) he has established his residence in the territory of the Somali Republic for a period of at least seven years;
b) he is of good civil and moral conduct;
c) he declares to be willing to renounce any status as citizen or subject of a foreign country.

Article 5 - Reduction of Period

The period referred to in sub-paragraph a) of the preceding article shall be reduced to two years, where the person concerned is the child of a Somali mother even if she is not a citizen."​

Article 6 - Renunciation of Foreign Citizenship

Any person who, in accordance with articles 2 and 4 of this law, declares that he is willing to renounce any status as citizen or subject of a foreign country, shall make such declaration before the President of the District Court of the district where he resides or, if he resides abroad, before a Consulate of the Somali Republic.

Article 2 - Acquisition of Citizenship by Operation of Law

Any person:
a) whose father is a Somali citizen;
b) who is a Somali residing in the territory of the Somali Republic or abroad and declares to be willing to renounce any status as citizen or subject of a foreign country shall be a Somali Citizen by operation of law.

Article 9 - Granting of Honorary Citizenship

Honorary Somali citizenship may be granted to any person who has rendered exceptional services to the Somali Republic. The granting of honorary citizenship shall be made by decree of the President of the Republic on the proposal of the Prime Minister, having heard the Council of Ministers.