According to the legal provisions outlined under article 3(1) of the Prevention and Suppression of Trafficking in Persons Proclamation and article 597 of the Ethiopian Criminal Code, there are comprehensive measures in place to protect individuals, including refugees, from trafficking in persons.

The Prevention and Suppression of Trafficking in Persons Proclamation explicitly outlines various forms of trafficking, such as holding individuals in slavery, servitude, or debt bondage, exploiting them for removing organs, prostitution, or other sexual activities, engaging them in forced labor, begging, or criminal activities, forcing marriage, surrogacy, or exploiting children in labor. Perpetrators of such acts are subjected to rigorous imprisonment ranging from seven to fifteen years, along with fines.

Additionally, Article 597 of the Criminal Code specifically addresses trafficking by violence, threat, deceit, fraud, kidnapping, or through the offering of money or other advantages. Those found guilty of recruiting, receiving, hiding, transporting, exporting, or importing individuals for forced labor face rigorous imprisonment from five to twenty years, along with fines not exceeding fifty thousand Birr.

Furthermore, the laws extend to individuals knowingly involved in transporting victims of trafficking, carrying out such trafficking activities by land, sea, or air, or aiding such activities. These individuals are also subject to the penalties outlined in the aforementioned legal provisions.

Therefore, domestic laws and policies in Ethiopia provide substantial protection against trafficking in persons, including refugees, by defining various forms of trafficking, establishing penalties for perpetrators, and addressing complicity in trafficking activities.