Date of publication:

02/03/2026

United Republic of Tanzania (the)

How do domestic laws and policies define "family"?

ANALYSIS

Assessment by population

Assessment by population
Refugees
Asylum-seekers
Analysis

Tanzania’s domestic laws provide specific definitions of "family" for various legal purposes, including family reunification. These definitions, however, vary across different statutes, reflecting the context and objectives of each law. For instance, the Refugees Act of 1998 includes a broad definition of family, which encompasses immediate family members such as spouses and children, allowing for the reunification of family members of refugees seeking protection in Tanzania.

In contrast, other laws may have narrower or different definitions of family, depending on the legal context. For example, in certain areas of civil or property law, the definition of family may be more restrictive, focusing on the nuclear family, which could exclude extended family members from certain protections or rights. These variations in definitions across different legal frameworks mean that while refugees may benefit from a broad interpretation of family for reunification purposes, individuals in other legal contexts may find that their family structures are not fully recognized or protected.

In practice, these differing definitions can impact the way family reunification processes are handled, with the recognition of extended family members sometimes being contingent on the specific legal context. The flexibility of the Refugees Act, which allows for a broader understanding of family, generally facilitates reunification efforts, but the variability across statutes highlights the challenges in ensuring consistent protection for diverse family structures within Tanzania’s legal system.

    LAW & POLICY

    Related provisions of domestic law or policy

    Law of Marriage Act

    Legal provision

    Section 10 - Types of marriage

    A marriage contracted in Tanzania may be either monogamous or polygamous.

    The Law of the Child Act

    Legal provision

    Section 4 - Interpretation

    "family" means parental father, mother and children, adopted or blood related and other close relatives including, grandfather, grandmother, uncles, aunties, cousins, nephews and nieces who live in a household;

    The Refugee Act

    Legal provision

    Section 3 - Interpretation

    "family" includes husband or wife or a lawfully recognised spouse, children below 18 years and any person living with the asylum seeker or refugee as a dependant;