Tanzania’s Employment and Labour Relations Act No. 6 of 2004 lays the groundwork for fair pay and decent work conditions, guaranteeing rights like minimum wages, written contracts, and equal treatment at the workplace. It also provides accessible mechanisms for resolving disputes, such as the Commission for Mediation and Arbitration (CMA).

In practice, these protections are available to non-citizens, including refugees and stateless persons, but only if they are formally employed with valid work permits. Since access to such permits is limited, especially for displaced populations, few are able to benefit directly from the Act’s provisions. For those who do—often through employment in development projects or international organizations—the law helps ensure regulated pay, job security, and a means to contest unfair treatment.